2.2.10 Chromatography
Separation based on affinity for stationary vs mobile phases.
Principle
Components separate based on their differing solubilities in the mobile phase and adsorption to the stationary phase. This depends on Intermolecular Forces.
Mobile Phase: The solvent (moves up).
Stationary Phase: The paper/silica (stays still).
Retardation Factor (Rf)
Calculation
Rf = (Distance moved by Component) / (Distance moved by Solvent Front)
The Rf value is always less than or equal to 1.