Structure 3.2.2
Functional Groups
Functional groups give characteristic physical and chemical properties to a compound.
| Class | Functional Group Name | Structure | Suffix/Prefix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alkane | Alkyl | (Saturated) | -ane |
| Alkene | Alkenyl | (Unsaturated) | -ene |
| Alkyne | Alkynyl | -yne | |
| Alcohol | Hydroxyl | -ol (or hydroxy-) | |
| Ether | Ether | -oxyalkane | |
| Aldehyde | Carbonyl (terminal) | -al | |
| Ketone | Carbonyl (non-terminal) | -one | |
| Carboxylic Acid | Carboxyl | -oic acid | |
| Ester | Ester | -oate | |
| Amide | Carboxamide | -amide | |
| Amine | Amine | -amine (or amino-) | |
| Nitrile | Nitrile | -nitrile | |
| Arene | Phenyl | (Benzene Ring) | -benzene (or phenyl-) |
| Halogenoalkane | Halogeno | (F, Cl, Br, I) | fluro-, chloro-, bromo-, iodo- |