IB CHEMISTRY

1.4.6

Avogadro's Law (Gases)

Equal volumes of different gases (at the same T and P) contain equal numbers of particles.

The Implication

If the number of moles doubles, the volume doubles.

\( V \propto n \)
Example: Ratio of Volumes

Reaction:

2H_2(g) + O_2(g) \to 2H_2O(g)

Ratio: 2 : 1 → 2

If you react 20 cm³ of H₂, you need 10 cm³ of O₂, and you produce 20 cm³ of steam.

Standard Molar Volume

At STP (273 K, 100 kPa):

22.7 dm³

Per mole of gas

Student Practice Set

1.
For \( N_2(g) + 3H_2(g) \to 2NH_3(g) \), what volume of hydrogen reacts with 10 dm³ of nitrogen?

Test Yourself

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