IB CHEMISTRY

1.2.2

Isotopes

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Carbon Isotope Builder

Change the neutron count to create different isotopes.

Neutrons6
Mass Number (A)

12

Stability

Stable

C126
Chemical Properties

IDENTICAL.

Chemical reactions involve electrons. Since isotopes have the same electron configuration, they react in exactly the same way.

Physical Properties

DIFFERENT.

Physical properties (e.g., density, boiling point, rate of diffusion) depend on mass. Since isotopes have different masses (A), these properties vary.

Example: Hydrogen Isotopes

H

Protium

0 neutrons

99.98%

D

Deuterium

1 neutron

Heavy Water

T

Tritium

2 neutrons

Radioactive

Student Practice Set

1.
Why do isotopes have the same chemical properties?
2.
Which property would differ between \( ^{35}Cl \) and \( ^{37}Cl \)?